Alexander Sorloth’s early strike looked to have been enough for the hosts, with Norway registering 19 shots on the Slovakian goal across the 90 minutes.
The forward pounced on the rebound after Bobb’s initial effort from a corner had been cleared off the line inside 18 minutes.
City’s youngster, who had grabbed Norway’s goal in a 2-1 defeat to the Czech Republic earlier in the international break, was continuing to cause the visitors trouble, linking up with Martin Odegaard as the latter forced a save from Marek Rodak on the stroke of half-time.
Haaland would also go close before the break, firing an effort just wide of the far post, and the hosts would have the ball in the net again in stoppage time only to see the goal ruled out due to a foul in the build-up.
It was a similar story after the restart, and Norway’s dominance presented Haaland with a chance to double the advantage from the spot after Mohamed Elyounoussi was brought down inside the area.
The City forward’s penalty looked destined for the bottom corner, but Rodak guessed right to produce an impressive stop from 12 yards.
Both Haaland and Bobb were substituted just after the hour as Norway continued to turn the screw, but the visitors would ensure a share of the spoils courtesy of some late drama.
The equaliser came from a moment of brilliance from Ondrej Duda, who slalomed his way through the hosts’ defence before firing into the top corner from close-range.
Slovakia even thought they’d nicked it deep into stoppage time when Adam Obert reacted quickest to an aerial ball, only for Orjan Nyland to produce a stunning save and preserve the draw.